Energy Efficient Network Architecture for Internet of Things Applications

Abstract

Internet of Things is emerging as one of the efficient technology solutions to fulfill the requirements in various fields of the modern communication and computation era. Assorted challenges remain for the Internet of Things(IoT) technology, in that one of the vital problems is unbalanced energy utilization. Some of the IoT applications are run by battery sourced devices. Therefore, efficient energy utilization is the major requirement in low power IoT networks. Initially, a systematic literature survey has been carried out on node placement techniques and energy aware routing protocols, since these techniques are primarily involved in energy optimization. Observations from literature survey have resulted in development and design of an energy efficient network architecture. The proposed network architecture integrates the features of routing and node placement technique. However, it has been observed that the implementation of routing and node placement technique takes additional execution time. Therefore, we come up with energy efficient cross layer model that integrates two different optimizations techniques in the same phase of the network. The proposed cross layer model converges routing technique and MAC based power control technique to attain the optimal transmission range for every node in the network. The cross-layer model that prolongs network lifetime with better reliability and QoS can be considered as an energy efficient network for IoT applications. Therefore, a novel ETRT-based cross layer model that prolongs network lifetime with better reliability and QoS is finally explored in our research work. The proposed architectures are validated through simulations. From simulation results, we observed that our network architectures and cross layer models outperform the standard model (IEEE 802.15.4 with AODV) and EQSR protocol. In this thesis, we attempt to suggest that effective integration of node placement technique and routing technique prolongs the network lifetime. Moreover cross layer design that predicts the capability of the node, decidedly prolongs the network lifetime and improves the network performance.